Final Exam Blue Print Essay

Gowns prevent soiling wearing during contact with long-sufferingMasks should be worn when you anticipate splash or spray of blood or body swimming and satisfy droplet/ mobile precautions. Protective eyewear should be worn for procedures that generate splashes or splatters Gloves prevent the transmitting of pathogens by direct/indirect contact. This equipment protects you from waste materials such as wounds, blood, stool, and body of water. infixed urinary catheters ca mappings of venture for infections An indwelling urinary catheter obstructs the normal flushing action of urine flow. The presence of a catheter in the urethra breaches the natural defenses of the body. Reflux of microorganisms up the catheter lm from the drainage bag or backflow of urine in the tubing increases the fortune of infection. surgical asepsis uses verse checkup asepsisSurgical asepsis is used during procedures that require intentional perforation of forbearings throw together, when skins integrit y is broken, or during procedures that involve insertion of catheters. * sterilised targets the Great Compromiser sterile only when touched by another sterile object * Place only sterile objects on sterile field* Sterile object/field out of the range of vision or held under waist is contaminated * Sterile object/field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air. * When sterile surface comes in contact with a wet, contaminated surface, the sterile object/field becomes contaminated by capillary tubing action * Sterile object becomes contaminated if gravity causes contaminated fluid to flow over the objects surface * The edges of sterile field/container argon considered to be contaminated. Medical asepsis, or clean technique, includes procedures for reducing the number of organisms present and preventing the depute of organisms. Hand hygienics, barrier techniques, and routine environmental cleaning ar examples of medicalasepsis.Nursing intervention when assessing bradycard ia radial measure Can cause pulse deficit. To assess a pulse deficit 2 nurses are necessitate to assess radial and apical pulse simultaneously and compare rates. The exit between apical and radial pulse is the pulse deficit. Assess the cogency of the subject matter to meet the demands of body t bribe for nutrients by palpation a peripheral pulse or using a stethoscope to listen to heart sounds (apical rate)Pulse sitesTemporal, carotid, apical, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, Dorsalis pedisCritical Thinking- chapter 15Examples of application of decisive cerebration (you may have to scan the chapter, no specific section to impart to the question) Know what would be considered critical thinking * Critical thinking involves recognizing that an issue exists, analyzing information about the issue, evaluating information, and making conclusions. * Critical thinking is a persisting process characterized by open-mindedness, continual inquiry, and persev erance.* Diagnostic reasoning determining a patients health status after you have appoint meaning to the behaviors and symptoms presented. * Inference process of drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence. * Clinical finality making safeguardful reasoning so the best options are chosen for the best outcomes. * Nursing process five-step clinical decision-making approach. Five components of critical thinking.* cognition base* Experience* Critical thinking competencies* Attitudes* StandardsProfessional standard for critical thinking* Intellectual the intellectual standard is a guideline or principle for rational thought. * Professional the professional standard refers to evidence-based ethical criteria for treat judgments used for evaluation and criteria for professional responsibility. tolerant Safety- chapter 27Patient sentry duty during seizures* Seizure precautions encompass all breast feeding interventions to protect the patient from traumatic dent, position for ad equate ventilation and drainage of oral secretions, and provide cover and support following the seizure. * Seizure precautions are nursing interventions to protect patient from traumatic disgrace, positioning for adequate ventilation and drainage/oral secretions, and providing solitude and support after event.Fall run a risk prevention and interventionsThe plan for a patient who has high risk for falls.1. Select nursing interventions to promote pencil eraser according to patients developmental and health upkeep needs.2. bestow with OT and PT for assistive devices3. Select interventions that will improve the safety of patients plaza environmentInterventions* Nursing interventions for promoting safety are individualized for patients developmental stage, lifestyle, and environment. * strain the safety locks and anti-tip bars on the wheelchair. * Nurses contribute to a safer environment by helping patients meet basic needs related to oxygen, nutrition, and temperature. * Adequa te sack and security measures in and around the home, including the use of nightlights, exterior lighting, and locks on windows and doors, modify patients to reduce the risk of injury from crime. * Modifications in the environment will considerably reduce the risk of falls. To reduce the risk of injury in the home, detract all obstacles from halls and other heavily traveled areas. * Prevention of accidental fires and poisons requires knowingness of precautions such as not smoking in bed and retentivity hazardous substances out of reach of children. * Safety bars provide refined prevention against falls.Safety risk-Risk at developmental stages* Children younger than 5 historic period of age are at greatest risk for home accidents that end in severe injury and death. * The school-aged child is at risk for injury at home, at school, and while traveling to and from school. * Adolescents are at risk for injury from automobile accidents, suicide, and substance abuse. * Threats to an adults safety are frequently associated with lifestyle habits (smoking, drinking, hazardous work, etc.). * Risks for injury for older patients are straightway related to the physiological changes of the aging process.Risk* 16-19 car accident* 75 and up falls and car accident* Older adults have rock-bottom vision acuity and hearing loss making them at risk for MVA and hearing sirens or horns. Decrease reflexes occur with aging. * Lead can be in paint, soil, water and can be inhaled or swallowed. * 64 long time and older decreased vision, orthostatic hypotension, gait and balance problems, urinary incontinence, use of walking aids, effects of various medications (sedatives, anticonvulsants, hypnotics, analgesics. * Falls occur due to piteous lighting, barriers along walk paths and stairways, and lack of safety devices in home. * Patients most at risk of injury are those with bleeding tendencies (disease or medications), and osteoporosis ( burdens in fractures). every developme ntal age involves specific safety risks* Children younger than 5 years of age are at greatest risk for home accidents that result in severe injury and death. * The school-aged child is at risk for injury at home, at school, and while traveling to and from school. * Adolescents are at risk for injury from automobile accidents, suicide, and substance abuse. * Threats to an adults safety are frequently associated with lifestyle habits (smoking, drinking, hazardous work, etc.). * Risks for injury for older patients are without delay related to the physiological changes of the aging process.Priority planning patient care (this is using your critical thinking skills and wouldnt be found in a section of the book)* In many situations, patients present with multiple nursing diagnoses. Use a concept map to visualize how nursing diagnoses interrelate. * free-base goals with the patients self-care abilities and resources in mind, and focus on maintaining or improving the condition of the ski n and oral cavity. * Patients skin is clean, dry, and built-in without signs of inflammation. * Patients skin remains elastic and well hydrated. * Patients skin is free from areas of pressure. * Timing is also important in planning hygiene care. * In hospital or extended care settings, work closely with nursing assistive personnel, who very much provide hygiene care. * Collaborate with other health team members as indicated (e.g., work with fleshly therapy and occupational therapy to enhance the patients independence with self-care activities). * When a patient needs assistance as a result of a self-care limitation, the family often becomes a valuable resource to the nurse and helps with hygiene measures.